apt-cache

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Verziószám: 1.8.2.1 (Debian 10-ben)
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Az apt-cache linux parancs manual oldala és súgója. Az apt-cache különféle műveleteket hajt végre az APT csomagkezelő csomag-gyorsítótárán. Az apt-cache nem módosítja a rendszer állapotát, hanem műveleteket kínál a csomagok metaadataiban történő keresésére és hasznos adatok generálására. A metaadatok megszerzése és frissítése az 'update' paranccsal történik, pl. az apt-get segítségével, így azok elavulhatnak, ha az utolsó frissítés túl régen volt. Cserébe az apt-cache a konfigurált források elérhetőségétől függetlenül működik, például internetelérés nélkül.

 

 

Man oldal kimenet

man apt-cache
APT-CACHE(8)                                 APT                                APT-CACHE(8)

NAME
       apt-cache - query the APT cache

SYNOPSIS
       apt-cache [-agipns] [-o=config_string] [-c=config_file] {gencaches | showpkg pkg...
                 | showsrc pkg...  | stats | dump | dumpavail | unmet | search regex...  |
                 show pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  |
                 depends pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  |
                 rdepends pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  |
                 pkgnames [prefix]  | dotty pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...
                 | xvcg pkg [{=pkg_version_number | /target_release}]...  | policy [pkg...]
                 | madison pkg...  | {-v | --version} | {-h | --help}}

DESCRIPTION
       apt-cache performs a variety of operations on APT's package cache.  apt-cache does
       not manipulate the state of the system but does provide operations to search and
       generate interesting output from the package metadata. The metadata is acquired and
       updated via the 'update' command of e.g.  apt-get, so that it can be outdated if the
       last update is too long ago, but in exchange apt-cache works independently of the
       availability of the configured sources (e.g. offline).

       Unless the -h, or --help option is given, one of the commands below must be present.

       gencaches
           gencaches creates APT's package cache. This is done implicitly by all commands
           needing this cache if it is missing or outdated.

       showpkg pkg...
           showpkg displays information about the packages listed on the command line.
           Remaining arguments are package names. The available versions and reverse
           dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well as forward dependencies
           for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are those packages upon which the
           package in question depends; reverse dependencies are those packages that depend
           upon the package in question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a
           package, but reverse dependencies need not be. For instance, apt-cache showpkg
           libreadline2 would produce output similar to the following:

               Package: libreadline2
               Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),
               Reverse Depends:
                 libreadlineg2,libreadline2
                 libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2
               Dependencies:
               2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))
               Provides:
               2.1-12 -
               Reverse Provides:
           Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and
           ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn,
           libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If libreadline2 is
           installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be installed; libreadlineg2
           and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be installed. For the specific meaning of
           the remainder of the output it is best to consult the apt source code.

       stats
           stats displays some statistics about the cache. No further arguments are
           expected. Statistics reported are:

           •   Total package names is the number of package names found in the cache.

           •   Normal packages is the number of regular, ordinary package names; these are
               packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence between their names and the
               names used by other packages for them in dependencies. The majority of
               packages fall into this category.

           •   Pure virtual packages is the number of packages that exist only as a virtual
               package name; that is, packages only "provide" the virtual package name, and
               no package actually uses the name. For instance, "mail-transport-agent" in
               the Debian system is a pure virtual package; several packages provide
               "mail-transport-agent", but there is no package named "mail-transport-agent".

           •   Single virtual packages is the number of packages with only one package
               providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the Debian system,
               "X11-text-viewer" is a virtual package, but only one package, xless, provides
               "X11-text-viewer".

           •   Mixed virtual packages is the number of packages that either provide a
               particular virtual package or have the virtual package name as the package
               name. For instance, in the Debian system, "debconf" is both an actual
               package, and provided by the debconf-tiny package.

           •   Missing is the number of package names that were referenced in a dependency
               but were not provided by any package. Missing packages may be an evidence if
               a full distribution is not accessed, or if a package (real or virtual) has
               been dropped from the distribution. Usually they are referenced from
               Conflicts or Breaks statements.

           •   Total distinct versions is the number of package versions found in the cache.
               If more than one distribution is being accessed (for instance, "stable" and
               "unstable"), this value can be considerably larger than the number of total
               package names.

           •   Total dependencies is the number of dependency relationships claimed by all
               of the packages in the cache.

       showsrc pkg...
           showsrc displays all the source package records that match the given package
           names. All versions are shown, as well as all records that declare the name to be
           a binary package. Use --only-source to display only source package names.

       dump
           dump shows a short listing of every package in the cache. It is primarily for
           debugging.

       dumpavail
           dumpavail prints out an available list to stdout. This is suitable for use with
           dpkg(1) and is used by the dselect(1) method.

       unmet
           unmet displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the package cache.

       show pkg...
           show performs a function similar to dpkg --print-avail; it displays the package
           records for the named packages.

       search regex...
           search performs a full text search on all available package lists for the POSIX
           regex pattern given, see regex(7). It searches the package names and the
           descriptions for an occurrence of the regular expression and prints out the
           package name and the short description, including virtual package names. If
           --full is given then output identical to show is produced for each matched
           package, and if --names-only is given then the long description is not searched,
           only the package name and provided packages are.

           Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are
           and'ed together.

       depends pkg...
           depends shows a listing of each dependency a package has and all the possible
           other packages that can fulfill that dependency.

       rdepends pkg...
           rdepends shows a listing of each reverse dependency a package has.

       pkgnames [prefix]
           This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional argument is
           a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable for use in a shell
           tab complete function and the output is generated extremely quickly. This command
           is best used with the --generate option.

           Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to download,
           installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in the generated
           list.

       dotty pkg...
           dotty takes a list of packages on the command line and generates output suitable
           for use by dotty from the GraphViz[1] package. The result will be a set of nodes
           and edges representing the relationships between the packages. By default the
           given packages will trace out all dependent packages; this can produce a very
           large graph. To limit the output to only the packages listed on the command line,
           set the APT::Cache::GivenOnly option.

           The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, pure
           virtual packages are triangles, mixed virtual packages are diamonds, missing
           packages are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped (leaf packages),
           blue lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts.

           Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages.

       xvcg pkg...
           The same as dotty, only for xvcg from the VCG tool[2].

       policy [pkg...]
           policy is meant to help debug issues relating to the preferences file. With no
           arguments it will print out the priorities of each source. Otherwise it prints
           out detailed information about the priority selection of the named package.

       madison pkg...
           apt-cache's madison command attempts to mimic the output format and a subset of
           the functionality of the Debian archive management tool, madison. It displays
           available versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original madison,
           it can only display information for the architecture for which APT has retrieved
           package lists (APT::Architecture).

OPTIONS
       All command line options may be set using the configuration file, the descriptions
       indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean options you can override the
       config file by using something like -f-,--no-f, -f=no or several other variations.

       -p, --pkg-cache
           Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary
           cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::pkgcache.

       -s, --src-cache
           Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by gencaches
           and it stores a parsed version of the package information from remote sources.
           When building the package cache the source cache is used to avoid reparsing all
           of the package files. Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache.

       -q, --quiet
           Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. More
           q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use -q=# to
           set the quietness level, overriding the configuration file. Configuration Item:
           quiet.

       -i, --important
           Print only important dependencies; for use with unmet and depends. Causes only
           Depends and Pre-Depends relations to be printed. Configuration Item:
           APT::Cache::Important.

       --no-pre-depends, --no-depends, --no-recommends, --no-suggests, --no-conflicts,
       --no-breaks, --no-replaces, --no-enhances
           Per default the depends and rdepends print all dependencies. This can be tweaked
           with these flags which will omit the specified dependency type. Configuration
           Item: APT::Cache::ShowDependencyType e.g.  APT::Cache::ShowRecommends.

       --implicit
           Per default depends and rdepends print only dependencies explicitly expressed in
           the metadata. With this flag it will also show dependencies implicitly added
           based on the encountered data. A Conflicts: foo e.g. expresses implicitly that
           this package also conflicts with the package foo from any other architecture.
           Configuration Item: APT::Cache::ShowImplicit.

       -f, --full
           Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item:
           APT::Cache::ShowFull.

       -a, --all-versions
           Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn it
           off, use --no-all-versions. If --no-all-versions is specified, only the candidate
           version will be displayed (the one which would be selected for installation).
           This option is only applicable to the show command. Configuration Item:
           APT::Cache::AllVersions.

       -g, --generate
           Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as it is.
           This is the default; to turn it off, use --no-generate. Configuration Item:
           APT::Cache::Generate.

       --names-only, -n
           Only search on the package and provided package names, not the long descriptions.
           Configuration Item: APT::Cache::NamesOnly.

       --all-names
           Make pkgnames print all names, including virtual packages and missing
           dependencies. Configuration Item: APT::Cache::AllNames.

       --recurse
           Make depends and rdepends recursive so that all packages mentioned are printed
           once. Configuration Item: APT::Cache::RecurseDepends.

       --installed
           Limit the output of depends and rdepends to packages which are currently
           installed. Configuration Item: APT::Cache::Installed.

       --with-source filename
           Adds the given file as a source for metadata. Can be repeated to add multiple
           files. Supported are currently *.deb, *.dsc, *.changes, Sources and Packages
           files as well as source package directories. Files are matched based on their
           name only, not their content!

           Sources and Packages can be compressed in any format apt supports as long as they
           have the correct extension. If you need to store multiple of these files in one
           directory you can prefix a name of your choice with the last character being an
           underscore ("_"). Example: my.example_Packages.xz

           Note that these sources are treated as trusted (see apt-secure(8)). Configuration
           Item: APT::Sources::With.

       -h, --help
           Show a short usage summary.

       -v, --version
           Show the program version.

       -c, --config-file
           Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to use. The program will read
           the default configuration file and then this configuration file. If configuration
           settings need to be set before the default configuration files are parsed specify
           a file with the APT_CONFIG environment variable. See apt.conf(5) for syntax
           information.

       -o, --option
           Set a Configuration Option; This will set an arbitrary configuration option. The
           syntax is -o Foo::Bar=bar.  -o and --option can be used multiple times to set
           different options.

FILES
       /etc/apt/sources.list
           Locations to fetch packages from. Configuration Item: Dir::Etc::SourceList.

       /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
           File fragments for locations to fetch packages from. Configuration Item:
           Dir::Etc::SourceParts.

       /var/lib/apt/lists/
           Storage area for state information for each package resource specified in
           sources.list(5) Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists.

       /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/
           Storage area for state information in transit. Configuration Item:
           Dir::State::Lists (partial will be implicitly appended)

SEE ALSO
       apt.conf(5), sources.list(5), apt-get(8)

DIAGNOSTICS
       apt-cache returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error.

BUGS
       APT bug page[3]. If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see
       /usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt or the reportbug(1) command.

AUTHORS
       Jason Gunthorpe

       APT team

NOTES
        1. GraphViz
           http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/

        2. VCG tool
           http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html

        3. APT bug page
           http://bugs.debian.org/src:apt

APT 1.8.2.1                            16 August 2016                           APT-CACHE(8)

 

 

Súgó kimenet

sudo apt-cache --help
apt 1.8.2.1 (amd64)
Használat: apt-cache [kapcsolók] parancs
           apt-cache [kapcsolók] show csom1 [csom2 ...]

Az apt-cache telepített és telepíthető csomagokról kérdezi le és jeleníti
meg az elérhető információkat. Kizárólag a helyi gyorsítótárba az
apt-get (vagy hasonló) update parancsával beszerzett adatokon dolgozik.
A megjelenő információk így elavultak lehetnek, ha az utolsó frissítés
túl régen volt, cserébe az apt-cache a beállított források elérhetőségétől
függetlenül működik, például kapcsolat nélküli módban.

Legtöbbet használt parancsok:
  showsrc - Megjeleníti a forrásrekordokat
  search - A csomaglistában keres reguláris kifejezéseket
  depends - Nyers függőségi információt mutat a csomagról
  rdepends - Fordított függőségi információkat jelenít meg a csomagról
  show - Megjeleníti a csomag leírását
  pkgnames - Kilistázza az összes csomag nevét
  policy - Megjeleníti a policy beállításokat

Az elérhető parancsokkal kapcsolatban további információkért lásd: apt-cache(8).
A konfigurációs beállítások és a szintaxis az apt.conf(5) fájlban találhatók.
A források beállításával kapcsolatos információkat a sources.list(5) tartalmazza.
A csomag- és verzióválasztások az apt_preferences(5) használatával adhatók meg.
A biztonsági adatok az apt-secure(8)-ban vannak.

 

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