RESOLVECTL(1)                                                resolvectl                                               RESOLVECTL(1)

NAME
       resolvectl, resolvconf - Resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS resource records, and services; introspect and
       reconfigure the DNS resolver

SYNOPSIS
       resolvectl [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} [NAME...]

DESCRIPTION
       resolvectl may be used to resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS resource records and services with the systemd-
       resolved.service(8) resolver service. By default, the specified list of parameters will be resolved as hostnames, retrieving
       their IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. If the parameters specified are formatted as IPv4 or IPv6 operation the reverse operation is
       done, and a hostname is retrieved for the specified addresses.

       The program's output contains information about the protocol used for the look-up and on which network interface the data
       was discovered. It also contains information on whether the information could be authenticated. All data for which local
       DNSSEC validation succeeds is considered authenticated. Moreover all data originating from local, trusted sources is also
       reported authenticated, including resolution of the local host name, the "localhost" host name or all data from /etc/hosts.

OPTIONS
       -4, -6
           By default, when resolving a hostname, both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are acquired. By specifying -4 only IPv4 addresses
           are requested, by specifying -6 only IPv6 addresses are requested.

       -i INTERFACE, --interface=INTERFACE
           Specifies the network interface to execute the query on. This may either be specified as numeric interface index or as
           network interface string (e.g.  "en0"). Note that this option has no effect if system-wide DNS configuration (as
           configured in /etc/resolv.conf or /etc/systemd/resolve.conf) in place of per-link configuration is used.

       -p PROTOCOL, --protocol=PROTOCOL
           Specifies the network protocol for the query. May be one of "dns" (i.e. classic unicast DNS), "llmnr" (Link-Local
           Multicast Name Resolution[1]), "llmnr-ipv4", "llmnr-ipv6" (LLMNR via the indicated underlying IP protocols), "mdns"
           (Multicast DNS[2]), "mdns-ipv4", "mdns-ipv6" (MDNS via the indicated underlying IP protocols). By default the lookup is
           done via all protocols suitable for the lookup. If used, limits the set of protocols that may be used. Use this option
           multiple times to enable resolving via multiple protocols at the same time. The setting "llmnr" is identical to
           specifying this switch once with "llmnr-ipv4" and once via "llmnr-ipv6". Note that this option does not force the
           service to resolve the operation with the specified protocol, as that might require a suitable network interface and
           configuration. The special value "help" may be used to list known values.

       -t TYPE, --type=TYPE, -c CLASS, --class=CLASS
           Specifies the DNS resource record type (e.g. A, AAAA, MX, ...) and class (e.g. IN, ANY, ...) to look up. If these
           options are used a DNS resource record set matching the specified class and type is requested. The class defaults to IN
           if only a type is specified. The special value "help" may be used to list known values.

       --service-address=BOOL
           Takes a boolean parameter. If true (the default), when doing a service lookup with --service the hostnames contained in
           the SRV resource records are resolved as well.

       --service-txt=BOOL
           Takes a boolean parameter. If true (the default), when doing a DNS-SD service lookup with --service the TXT service
           metadata record is resolved as well.

       --cname=BOOL
           Takes a boolean parameter. If true (the default), DNS CNAME or DNAME redirections are followed. Otherwise, if a CNAME or
           DNAME record is encountered while resolving, an error is returned.

       --search=BOOL
           Takes a boolean parameter. If true (the default), any specified single-label hostnames will be searched in the domains
           configured in the search domain list, if it is non-empty. Otherwise, the search domain logic is disabled.

       --raw[=payload|packet]
           Dump the answer as binary data. If there is no argument or if the argument is "payload", the payload of the packet is
           exported. If the argument is "packet", the whole packet is dumped in wire format, prefixed by length specified as a
           little-endian 64-bit number. This format allows multiple packets to be dumped and unambiguously parsed.

       --legend=BOOL
           Takes a boolean parameter. If true (the default), column headers and meta information about the query response are
           shown. Otherwise, this output is suppressed.

       -h, --help
           Print a short help text and exit.

       --version
           Print a short version string and exit.

       --no-pager
           Do not pipe output into a pager.

COMMANDS
       query HOSTNAME|ADDRESS...
           Resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

       service [[NAME] TYPE] DOMAIN
           Resolve DNS-SD[3] and SRV[4] services, depending on the specified list of parameters. If three parameters are passed the
           first is assumed to be the DNS-SD service name, the second the SRV service type, and the third the domain to search in.
           In this case a full DNS-SD style SRV and TXT lookup is executed. If only two parameters are specified, the first is
           assumed to be the SRV service type, and the second the domain to look in. In this case no TXT RR is requested. Finally,
           if only one parameter is specified, it is assumed to be a domain name, that is already prefixed with an SRV type, and an
           SRV lookup is done (no TXT).

       openpgp EMAIL@DOMAIN...
           Query PGP keys stored as OPENPGPKEY[5] resource records. Specified e-mail addresses are converted to the corresponding
           DNS domain name, and any OPENPGPKEY keys are printed.

       tlsa [FAMILY] DOMAIN[:PORT]...
           Query TLS public keys stored as TLSA[6] resource records. A query will be performed for each of the specified names
           prefixed with the port and family ("_port._family.domain"). The port number may be specified after a colon (":"),
           otherwise 443 will be used by default. The family may be specified as the first argument, otherwise tcp will be used.

       status [LINK...]
           Shows the global and per-link DNS settings in currently in effect. If no command is specified, this is the implied
           default.

       statistics
           Shows general resolver statistics, including information whether DNSSEC is enabled and available, as well as resolution
           and validation statistics.

       reset-statistics
           Resets the statistics counters shown in statistics to zero. This operation requires root privileges.

       flush-caches
           Flushes all DNS resource record caches the service maintains locally. This is mostly equivalent to sending the SIGUSR2
           to the systemd-resolved service.

       reset-server-features
           Flushes all feature level information the resolver learnt about specific servers, and ensures that the server feature
           probing logic is started from the beginning with the next look-up request. This is mostly equivalent to sending the
           SIGRTMIN+1 to the systemd-resolved service.

       dns [LINK [SERVER...]], domain [LINK [DOMAIN...]], default-route [LINK [BOOL...]], llmnr [LINK [MODE]], mdns [LINK [MODE]],
       dnssec [LINK [MODE]], dnsovertls [LINK [MODE]], nta [LINK [DOMAIN...]]
           Get/set per-interface DNS configuration. These commands may be used to configure various DNS settings for network
           interfaces that aren't managed by systemd-networkd.service(8). (These commands will fail when used on interfaces that
           are managed by systemd-networkd, please configure their DNS settings directly inside the .network files instead.) These
           commands may be used to inform systemd-resolved about per-interface DNS configuration determined through external means.
           The dns command expects IPv4 or IPv6 address specifications of DNS servers to use. The domain command expects valid DNS
           domains, possibly prefixed with "~", and configures a per-interface search or route-only domain. The default-route
           command expects a boolean paremeter, and configures whether the link may be used as default route for DNS lookups, i.e.
           if it is suitable for lookups on domains no other link explicitly is configured for. The llmnr, mdns, dnssec and
           dnsovertls commands may be used to configure the per-interface LLMNR, MulticastDNS, DNSSEC and DNSOverTLS settings.
           Finally, nta command may be used to configure additional per-interface DNSSEC NTA domains.

           Options dns, domain and nta can take a single empty string argument to clear their respective value lists.

           For details about these settings, their possible values and their effect, see the corresponding options in
           systemd.network(5).

       revert LINK
           Revert the per-interface DNS configuration. If the DNS configuration is reverted all per-interface DNS setting are reset
           to their defaults, undoing all effects of dns, domain, default-route, llmnr, mdns, dnssec, dnsovertls, nta. Note that
           when a network interface disappears all configuration is lost automatically, an explicit reverting is not necessary in
           that case.

COMPATIBILITY WITH RESOLVCONF(8)
       resolvectl is a multi-call binary. When invoked as "resolvconf" (generally achieved by means of a symbolic link of this name
       to the resolvectl binary) it is run in a limited resolvconf(8) compatibility mode. It accepts mostly the same arguments and
       pushes all data into systemd-resolved.service(8), similar to how dns and domain commands operate. Note that
       systemd-resolved.service is the only supported backend, which is different from other implementations of this command. Note
       that not all operations supported by other implementations are supported natively. Specifically:

       -a
           Registers per-interface DNS configuration data with systemd-resolved. Expects a network interface name as only command
           line argument. Reads resolv.conf(5) compatible DNS configuration data from its standard input. Relevant fields are
           "nameserver" and "domain"/"search". This command is mostly identical to invoking resolvectl with a combination of dns
           and domain commands.

       -d
           Unregisters per-interface DNS configuration data with systemd-resolved. This command is mostly identical to invoking
           resolvectl revert.

       -f
           When specified -a and -d will not complain about missing network interfaces and will silently execute no operation in
           that case.

       -x
           This switch for "exclusive" operation is supported only partially. It is mapped to an additional configured search
           domain of "~."  — i.e. ensures that DNS traffic is preferably routed to the DNS servers on this interface, unless there
           are other, more specific domains configured on other interfaces.

       -m, -p
           These switches are not supported and are silently ignored.

       -u, -I, -i, -l, -R, -r, -v, -V, --enable-updates, --disable-updates, --are-updates-enabled
           These switches are not supported and the command will fail if used.

       See resolvconf(8) for details on this command line options.

EXAMPLES
       Example 1. Retrieve the addresses of the "www.0pointer.net" domain

           $ resolvectl query www.0pointer.net
           www.0pointer.net: 2a01:238:43ed:c300:10c3:bcf3:3266:da74
                             85.214.157.71

           -- Information acquired via protocol DNS in 611.6ms.
           -- Data is authenticated: no

       Example 2. Retrieve the domain of the "85.214.157.71" IP address

           $ resolvectl query 85.214.157.71
           85.214.157.71: gardel.0pointer.net

           -- Information acquired via protocol DNS in 1.2997s.
           -- Data is authenticated: no

       Example 3. Retrieve the MX record of the "yahoo.com" domain

           $ resolvectl --legend=no -t MX query yahoo.com
           yahoo.com. IN MX    1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net
           yahoo.com. IN MX    1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net
           yahoo.com. IN MX    1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net

       Example 4. Resolve an SRV service

           $ resolvectl service _xmpp-server._tcp gmail.com
           _xmpp-server._tcp/gmail.com: alt1.xmpp-server.l.google.com:5269 [priority=20, weight=0]
                                        173.194.210.125
                                        alt4.xmpp-server.l.google.com:5269 [priority=20, weight=0]
                                        173.194.65.125
                                        ...

       Example 5. Retrieve a PGP key

           $ resolvectl openpgp zbyszek@fedoraproject.org
           d08ee310438ca124a6149ea5cc21b6313b390dce485576eff96f8722._openpgpkey.fedoraproject.org. IN OPENPGPKEY
                   mQINBFBHPMsBEACeInGYJCb+7TurKfb6wGyTottCDtiSJB310i37/6ZYoeIay/5soJjlMyf
                   MFQ9T2XNT/0LM6gTa0MpC1st9LnzYTMsT6tzRly1D1UbVI6xw0g0vE5y2Cjk3xUwAynCsSs
                   ...

       Example 6. Retrieve a TLS key ("tcp" and ":443" could be skipped)

           $ resolvectl tlsa tcp fedoraproject.org:443
           _443._tcp.fedoraproject.org IN TLSA 0 0 1 19400be5b7a31fb733917700789d2f0a2471c0c9d506c0e504c06c16d7cb17c0
                   -- Cert. usage: CA constraint
                   -- Selector: Full Certificate
                   -- Matching type: SHA-256

SEE ALSO
       systemd(1), systemd-resolved.service(8), systemd.dnssd(5), systemd-networkd.service(8), resolvconf(8)

NOTES
        1. Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution
           https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4795

        2. Multicast DNS
           https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6762.txt

        3. DNS-SD
           https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6763

        4. SRV
           https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2782

        5. OPENPGPKEY
           https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7929

        6. TLSA
           https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6698

systemd 241                                                                                                           RESOLVECTL(1)

resolvectl [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...

Send control commands to the network name resolution manager, or
resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS records, and services.

  -h --help                    Show this help
     --version                 Show package version
     --no-pager                Do not pipe output into a pager
  -4                           Resolve IPv4 addresses
  -6                           Resolve IPv6 addresses
  -i --interface=INTERFACE     Look on interface
  -p --protocol=PROTO|help     Look via protocol
  -t --type=TYPE|help          Query RR with DNS type
  -c --class=CLASS|help        Query RR with DNS class
     --service-address=BOOL    Resolve address for services (default: yes)
     --service-txt=BOOL        Resolve TXT records for services (default: yes)
     --cname=BOOL              Follow CNAME redirects (default: yes)
     --search=BOOL             Use search domains for single-label names
                                                              (default: yes)
     --raw[=payload|packet]    Dump the answer as binary data
     --legend=BOOL             Print headers and additional info (default: yes)

Commands:
  query HOSTNAME|ADDRESS...    Resolve domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
  service [[NAME] TYPE] DOMAIN Resolve service (SRV)
  openpgp EMAIL@DOMAIN...      Query OpenPGP public key
  tlsa DOMAIN[:PORT]...        Query TLS public key
  status [LINK...]             Show link and server status
  statistics                   Show resolver statistics
  reset-statistics             Reset resolver statistics
  flush-caches                 Flush all local DNS caches
  reset-server-features        Forget learnt DNS server feature levels
  dns [LINK [SERVER...]]       Get/set per-interface DNS server address
  domain [LINK [DOMAIN...]]    Get/set per-interface search domain
  default-route [LINK [BOOL]]  Get/set per-interface default route flag
  llmnr [LINK [MODE]]          Get/set per-interface LLMNR mode
  mdns [LINK [MODE]]           Get/set per-interface MulticastDNS mode
  dnsovertls [LINK [MODE]]     Get/set per-interface DNS-over-TLS mode
  dnssec [LINK [MODE]]         Get/set per-interface DNSSEC mode
  nta [LINK [DOMAIN...]]       Get/set per-interface DNSSEC NTA
  revert LINK                  Revert per-interface configuration

See the resolvectl(1) man page for details.